week17

De- = down,away Ex:deportation noun ·       1. the action of deporting a foreigner from a country: asylum seekers facing deportation

Ten- = to hold Ex:tenacious adjective ·       1. tending to keep a firm hold of something; clinging or adhering closely: a tenacious grip Synonym : firm, tight, fast, clinging, strong, forceful, powerful, unshakable, immovable, iron ·       2. not readily relinquishing a position, principle, or course of action; determined: you're tenacious and you get at the truth the most tenacious politician Synonym : persevering, persistent, determined, dogged, strong-willed, tireless, indefatigable, resolute, patient, unflagging, staunch ·       3. persisting in existence; not easily dispelled:  a tenacious local legend

Ob-/op- = toward,against,over Ex:objection noun ·       1. an expression or feeling of disapproval or opposition; a reason for disagreeing: they have raised no objections to the latest plans Synonym : protest, protestation, demur, demurral, demurrer, complaint ·       2. the action of challenging or disagreeing with something: his view is open to objection

Ab- = away from of Ex:absurd adjective ·       1. (of an idea or suggestion) wildly unreasonable, illogical, or inappropriate: the allegations are patently absurd so you think I'm a spy? How absurd! he had a keen eye for the incongruous and the absurd Synonym : preposterous, ridiculous, ludicrous, farcical ·       2. (of a person or a person's behavior or actions) foolish; unreasonable: she was being absurd—and imagining things ·       3. (of an object or situation) arousing amusement or derision; ridiculous: gym shorts and knee socks looked absurd on such a tall girl

	Les Misérables is a French historical novel by Victor Hugo, first published in 1862, that is considered one of the greatest novels of the 19th century. In the English-speaking world, the novel is usually referred to by its original French title. However, several alternatives have been used, including The Miserables, The Wretched, The Miserable Ones, The Poor Ones, The Wretched Poor, The Victims and The Dispossessed. Beginning in 1815 and culminating in the 1832 June Rebellion in Paris, the novel follows the lives and interactions of several characters, particularly the struggles of ex-convict Jean Valjean and his experience of redemption.
	John Locke FRS was an English philosopher and physician, widely regarded as one of the most influential of Enlightenment thinkers and commonly known as the "Father of Liberalism". Considered one of the first of the British empiricists, following the tradition of Sir Francis Bacon, he is equally important to social contract theory. His work greatly affected the development of epistemology and political philosophy. His writings influenced Voltaire and Jean-Jacques Rousseau, many Scottish Enlightenment thinkers, as well as the American revolutionaries. His contributions to classical republicanism and liberal theory are reflected in the United States Declaration of Independence.
	The Declaration of the Rights of Man and of the Citizen, passed by France's National Constituent Assembly in August 1789, is a fundamental document of the French Revolution and in the history of human and civil rights. The Declaration was directly influenced by Thomas Jefferson, working with General Lafayette, who introduced it. Influenced also by the doctrine of "natural right", the rights of man are held to be universal: valid at all times and in every place, pertaining to human nature itself. It became the basis for a nation of free individuals protected equally by law. It is included in the preamble of the constitutions of both the Fourth French Republic (1946) and Fifth Republic (1958) and is still current. Inspired in part by the American Revolution, and also by the Enlightenment philosophers, the Declaration was a core statement of the values of the French Revolution and had a major impact on the development of freedom and democracy in Europe and worldwide.
	Natural and legal rights are two types of rights. Legal rights are those bestowed onto a person by a given legal system (i.e., rights that can be modified, repealed, and restrained by human laws). Natural rights are those that are not dependent on the laws or customs of any particular culture or government, and therefore universal and inalienable (i.e., rights that cannot be repealed or restrained by human laws).

9/11: George W. Bush addresses the nationfollowing the 9/11 attacks(2001)(click)

1100words you need to now

ascertain: to discover；to make certain

charisma :a special power which some people have naturally which makes them able to influence other people and attract their attention and admiration

dearth :an amount or supply which is not large enough

derived: to get something from something else

disseminated :no longer believing in the value of something,especially having learned of the problems with it

dormant: describes something that is not active or growing ,but which has the ability to be active at a later time

encomium: compliment,salutation,praise,tribute

factitious: false or artificial

genocide:  the murder of a whole  group of people ,especially a whole nation,race or religious group

hyperbole: a way f speaking or writing that makes someone or something sound bigger ,better or , more,etc. than they are

munificent :very generous with money

nepotism: using your power or influence to get good jobs or unfair advantages for numbers of your own family

obloquy=abuse=aspersion=humiliation=ignominy=invective=censure=slander

potentate: a ruler who has a lot of power is not limited,for example by the existence of a parliament

prerogative: something which some people are able or allowed to do or have, but which is not possible or allowed for everyone

prevaricate:  to avoid telling the truth or saying exactly what you think

sophistry=fallacy=inconsistency=trickery=ambiguity

tyro: a person who is new to an activity
internecine: A Internecine War or fighting between members of the same group ,religion or country